Argumentative Essay in favor of Homeschooling

Argumentative Essay in favor of Homeschooling

            Parents are getting dissatisfied with the quality of education in many traditional schools.  The excessive attention given to scoring high in standardized tests, proliferation of drugs and the dangers of shooting incidents in many traditional schools are forcing parents to look for available options other than the traditional schooling.  One of these options is homeschooling.  The latest studies say that in 2007 alone there is about 1.5 million students in the United States that are homeschooled (National Center for Education and Statistics). This shows that homeschooling is getting more popular considering that in 1999 there was 850,000 homeschooled students while in 2003 there were 1.1 million homeschooled students.  The number of students being homeschooled show that it is now getting the attention of many parents as it offers a number of advantages and addresses some of the disadvantages in traditional schools.

As an option for traditional schooling, homeschooling has been getting the attention of many parents nowadays.  One of the many reasons why parents are opting to go for homeschooling is their ability to monitor the progress of their children.  In homeschooling, parents’ get to see the academic strengths and weaknesses of their children that will allow them to customize their child’s education.  The ability to directly monitor their children’s progress is something that is not present in traditional education because parents entrust this task to the student’s instructor.

In homeschooling, there is greater bond between the parent and the children.  The bond between the parents and the children is said to be stronger because they spend much time together in learning and in playtime.  This strong relationship translates to better learning for the student.  “One of the most important findings in the early childhood domain is the importance of nurturing, stable relationships as the key to promoting competence in young children.” (Dobson 8)

One of the arguments against homeschooling is that homeschooled students may not perform as well as the students in traditional school.  Traditional schools take pride in the fact that only they know how to teach students.  However, recent studies have confirmed that homeschooled students outperform traditional school students in standardized tests.  In fact, they perform significantly better in all subjects compared to students in traditional schools.

Another argument against homeschooling is the perception that homeschooled students have inadequate socialization.  The idea is that it is only in traditional schools where children can be fully socialized.  On the contrary, it does not follow the students in traditional schools are fully socialized. In fact, there are a number of students in traditional schools who are social misfits such as the geeks, and loners who are typically ostracized in school. The perception of homeschooled students having inadequate socialization has no basis since the curriculum of homeschooled students includes exposure trips in museum or community. Parents include socialization with other homeschooled students as part of their program (Joye 107).  They also have outside activities such as volunteer works, join clubs and participate in sports.  To say that they are stuck at home studying their lessons is preposterous and baseless. 

            Parents now prefer homeschooling their children not only because of violence or religion or drugs or poor quality of education. They prefer it because of the realization that it offers much more advantages than traditional schooling.  Educated parents know that if they remain committed to giving their children the best education possible they can do it with the right help.  The realization that homeschooling is much better is the reason why homeschooling is slowly being recognized in the community. With the various materials now available, more parents will continue to prefer homeschooling. 

Cited works

Joye, Carren. Homeschooling More Than One Child: A Practical Guide for Families.  Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2005.

Dobson, Linda. The Ultimate Book of Homeschooling Ideas: 500+ Fun and Creative Learning. California: PrimaPublishing, 2002.

National Center for Education and Statistics. FastFacts: Homeschooling. April 6, 2014. < https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=91>

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Essay on Karl Marx and British Rule of India

Marx and British India

            Critical in understanding the writing of Marx in India is somewhat preference to the British rule in India. At one point, he even attributed the event as a positive way to reinforce the advancement of progress in Hindustan. Here, the aspect of colonialism remains to be essential because the British rule introduces a new system that India can seek to pursue. Contrary to the ascetic economy that India has continued to practice before British occupancy, Marx sees further in the potential to expand from this point moving forward. Using the arguments of Iqbal, “Marx writing shows the distinctive problems of Asiatic economy, especially in India and China, the effects of the impact of European capitalism upon it, and the conclusion to be drawn for the future development as well as for the emancipation of the Indian people” (1). From this context it can be argued that Marx advances the context of colonialism if it would create a drastic change, a revolution where traditional ideals can transition and undergo changes.

            Equally important is how Marx criticizes the English village system. He particularly challenges the current system and how such feature were exploited by the British in its efforts to acquire resources in its colony. It remains to be primitive and lack the necessary central control that would effectively manage and allocate resources. The entry of the British and introduction of a new economic system shattered the village system of India as it became a force of control on how process of production and economic means are met. Arguably, Marx sees this as instrumental because it opened up ways for radical change to happen.

            However, this does not mean that Marx continues to support the British rule in India. Included in his essays about India are the atrocities and destructive role of colonialism. Specifically, emphasis related to the East India Company alongside its monopoly and continued exploitation of resources is clearly highlighted in his accounts. Here, he also targets the development of British capitalism as destructive as it misplaced old towns as the bourgeois took most out of India (Iqbal, 1). Equally, Marx also laments to the destruction and suffering of the people affected by the British rule. The village system that was embedded in the identity and culture of India underwent significant change. All these bring have been influenced by the entry and colonization of the British.

            Based on the viewpoints above, Marx then delineates the orientalist construction of Indian history. From his vantage point, the idea of preserving identity and culture of a country like India remains to be essential. The context of oriental construction must focus on creating an identity as a whole where specific cultural norms are patterned according to development and continued pursuit towards growth. India should use its history, including that of the British rule to overcome the struggles of colonialism and develop a system of practices that achieves liberation from the ideologies brought forward by capitalism (Rawat, 15).

            At the same time, Marx also believes that it is also the people of India that would provide the tool for their emancipation. “He made clear that imperialism was laying down the material conditions for new advance. But that new advance could only be realized by the Indian people themselves on conditions that they won liberation from imperialist rule, either by their own successful revolt, or by the victory of the industrial working class in Britain, carrying with it the liberation of the Indian people” (Iqbal, 1). It is through this context that Marx sees how change would become manifested and overcome the impact of colonialism to India.

Works Cited

Iqbal, Jamil. ‘Indian Independence (Part 1) – Marx and Indian history’ In Defence of Marxism.

2007 Web Available from < http://www.marxist.com/indian-independence-marx-history270607.htm>

Rawat, Rajiv. ‘Marx on British Rule in India Historical and Contemporary Perspectives’

Department of Geography York University. 2005 Web Available from <http://prayaga.org/documents/paper-marx.pdf>

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Essay on the Impact of Tang-Sang Transition

Understanding the Impact of the Tang-Sang Transition

            The valuable part in the expansion and modernization of ancient China happened in the Tang-Sang transition. This particular period saw the transformation of Chinese society as structures evolved and created new ways to adapt to the reality of life. Inclusive in these are political and ideological changes as well as economic revolution that opened up new opportunities for the Chinese. Similarly, it opened further engagement to civil society as the citizenry took advantage of the rapid technological and commercial growth. In seeking then to understand the Tang-Sung transition, elements related to civil service examinations, Sang commercial revolution and the rise of scholar officials must carefully be looked into.

            One of the most notable differences between the Tang and Sang dynasties is the latter’s promotion of a competitive way for people to hold power. In order to gauge the capabilities of an individual, the civil service examinations were administered. Contrary to the Tang dynasty where majority of the Elite in the capital controlled the examinations, this changed during the Song dynasty (Tackett, 2010). It demonstrated a level of fairness and examinations were designed anonymously. The end result was for an increase in the number of passers. Equally, the geographic diversity of participants expanded allowing people from neighboring cities to take part. The change can also be attributed to the impact brought forward by the creation of a national school system. This meant that locals had more access to materials and texts to prepare them for the examinations. Such approach shifted the control of the elites and made it possible for localized participation to occur.

            Arguably, the changes in the civil service systems also can be attributed as a catalyst for the Sang commercial revolution. Specifically, it comes from the necessary approach pursued by the Elite class. Since control cannot be maintained in the civil service sector, succeeding generations tried to diversify their approaches and sought to dwell in areas such as commerce, agriculture or ways to make money (Tackett, 2010). Arguably, this introduced a more formalized economic structure where expansion of businesses were introduced. This means increase and expansion of business networks as society sought goods that would satisfy the needs of the Chinese market.  Moreover, the Song dynasty monetized the economy allowing trade to further prosper and encourage participation from different sectors of society. These changes remain to be apparent on agriculture as well as luxury trade both in China and with its neighbors.

            Lastly, there is the corresponding rise of scholar officials. This again can be attributed to the advancement of the national schooling system. Such opportunities allowed scholars or ‘experts’ to take part in office. Such change clearly illustrates the shift of control from local elites whose generation held power in the Tang dynasty to individuals who have the specific skill sets to hold positions under the Song dynasty (Hon, 2006). Clearly, this shift influenced the manner that power is held. From a central point where elites from the capital held the position, it changed in the arrival of scholar officials. Specifically, the level of expanded to the periphery and became localized to people living outside of the city.

            Overall, the Tang-Sung transition illustrates the transformation of China. The shifts created by the civil service examinations, commercial revolution and rise of scholar officials influenced the expansion of economic growth and the introduction of new political structures to address the changes in ideology as well as the manner that power is held by the elites. Clearly, such transformation demonstrates a critical part in China’s history as it embodies a direction from its medieval structure to a more complex and modernized way of life.

Works Cited

Tackett, Nick. Tang and Song China: Two Models of Empire. 2010 Available from

<http://orias.berkeley.edu/summer2010/Tackett.pdf>

Hon, T. The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in

the Northern Song Period, 960-1127. 2006 SUNY Press; United States. Print 

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Essay on Arguments against Marriage

Essay on Arguments against Marriage

            The idea of marriage has always been considered a commitment of two people to one another. Embedded in this union are specific obligations and responsibilities couples need to fulfill. That is why there are those who choose not to get married. Here are some significant reasons that influence people not to get married.

            An important reason why people do not seek to get married are the corresponding roles and responsibilities that need to be fulfilled. By getting married, it is understood that couples need to recognize that their roles and functions need to be shared and appropriately communicated. This means that one needs to consider not only his/her welfare but also that of his partner (Gadoua, 2013). For example, every decision must be a consensus among the couple especially on areas such as career, money and particular obligations. Some people find this difficult to deal with and would not consider marriage as an option.

            Financial security is also another reason why people should not marry. More often than not, there would be increases in expenditures of couples who decide to get married. These costs can be related to starting a family, acquiring new property or car. Others find this challenging because they do not have the necessary financial freedom to sustain these needs. That is why many try to save up before the marriage because of this issue. Likewise, it also becomes a reason for others not to get married (Mukhopadhyay, 2012). A good example to describe this scenario would be when man marries woman and the woman decides not to work to take care of children. The income of the household is halved and the family suffers due to their inability to sustain expenditures.

            People also use emotional maturity as a reason to not marry. It considers the ability of an individual to handle and maintain relationships. Given that marriage requires areas related to commitment and responsibility, some find it difficult to maintain this. Couples who try to get married but lack the necessary dedication to their union often struggle and end up being separated or divorced (Moosa, 2014). These different uncertainties and emotional challenges during marriage end up scaring people and creating the decision

            Differing priorities is also another valuable reason why many do not dwell into marriage This means that instead of settling down with their partner, one is busy with either career development or pursuing other interests (Cohen, 2013). For many, this remains to be significant given the increasing amount of responsibility associated with starting a family as well as the corresponding costs to actually be considered well-off. That is why many forego marriage at the later part of their life so as to amass either professional success or financial stability.

            Lastly, there is the issue of commitment. This means that individuals find it difficult to settle down with one partner. For some, it occurs at the later stage of their life while others do not arrive to such decision at all. Nevertheless, this reason remains to be valid because of the necessary investment required in marriage. These people see the value of living a single life and alongside the benefits it carries especially on areas related to relationships and commitment.

            Overall, there remains to be different reasons why people choose not to marry. The purpose vary depending on individual behavior as well as existing priorities of the ones involved. Whichever the cause might be, there are certainly benefits when people choose the single life. It opens ways for people to enjoy life in a different. Thus, at the end of the day, it remains to be a personal choice that one can seek to pursue.

Works Cited

Cohen, Leah Hager.  ‘6 Reasons Never to Get Married.’ Huffington Post. 2013 Available from

<http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/10/21/no-marriage-reasons-not-getting-married_n_4117611.html>

Gadoua, Susan Pease. ‘Three Reasons Why You Shouldn’t Marry for Love.’ Psychology Today.

2013 Available from <http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/contemplating-divorce/201311/three-reasons-why-you-shouldn-t-marry-love>

Moosa, Tauriq ‘We need to have a frank discussion about marriage.’ The Guardian. 2012

Available from <http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jan/04/marriage-busting-the-myths>

Mukhopadhyay, S. ‘10 Reasons Not to Get Married.’ AlterNet. 2010 Available from

<http://www.alternet.org/story/155766/10_reasons_not_to_get_married>

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Algebra Assignment

Algebra

Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with elementary equations and analysis. It involves solution from elementary equations to abstract problems. Elementary algebra is applied in engineering, sciences, economics and medicine. Abstract algebra, on the other hand, is studied by professional mathematicians and includes in-depth analysis of the theorems and postulates in mathematics. Algebra is different from arithmetic since the former uses abstraction, such as letters to represent numbers and values while the latter simply deals with numbers and its operations (such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). However, algebra problems involve the use of arithmetic techniques to be solved.

Problem

EJ can complete an experiment on ethanol production in 24 hours. Lhav can perform the same experiment in 12 hours while Klang requires 5 hours. If EJ, Lhav and Klang work together, how long will it take for them to complete the experiment? If the presentation of the data gathered is in 4 hours, will they be able to finish the experiment and present the data on time?

Solution

Let r be the rate of each person in performing the experiment.

Let t be the time to complete the experiment in hours

Therefore, if EJ, Lhav and Klang work together, they can finish the experiment in 3 hours and 4.62 minutes. They will also be able to present the results of the experiment on time. 

Art as a Reflection of Culture

Pooya Partovi

Art as Reflection of Culture

Question 1

Art has been produced by human beings throughout his existence. Even before recorded history one can find examples of art. In learning about the people who created them, art has been a very important factor, because art is not only about creating a thing of beauty. Oftentimes, art serves a dual purpose, which is to be beautiful and useful at the same time. As such, the idea of context can be quite useful in art. Context is the circumstances by which a work of art is created, which helps in fully understanding it. In essence, to fully understand why a work of art is the way it is one must understand the culture of the people who created it. Likewise, the work of art also informs us of the culture of the people who created it.

One of the oldest works of art that is still in existence is the Hall of Bulls in Lascaux, France. It is a depiction of not only bulls or aurochs but of wooly mammoths, reindeers, rhinos, and horses (Lazzari and Schleiser, 2011). An observer of the cave painting in the present would have a hard time understanding why these animals are the topic, but for the people who created them, the animals have a very strong significance. They were most likely hunter-gatherers who saw these animals not for their beauty, grace, or strength but a source of nourishment. So they are afforded with respect and adoration because they provide nourishment but are not readily available. There is somewhat a struggle to hunt and kill them so they afford them with respect. It is not so much man was capturing a prey but of the animal letting itself be captured so it becomes a way for man to be nourished. This is represented by the cave paintings that depict animals as noble even serene creatures.

The difference now is that when animals like these are depicted in art, they are not often depicted as food, or one viewing it would not have food as the first thing in mind. Even in the concept of food as animals, modern man does not really think that meat comes from a whole animal, only in small packages from the grocery store. So in order to get the context we must understand that these animals are revered and immortalized in the cave painting because they were a means for survival.

Another example of context showing being an essential part of a work of art is in the Palm Wine Calabash from Cameroon. The calabash or gourd is shown as highly decorated and stylized with beads, cloth, and cowry shells (Lazzari and Schleiser, 2011). In order to understand the work of art, one must again look into the context of the culture of the people who created it. Palm wine is a very important beverage for the people of this area, and is used for socialization. As such it is symbolizes unity, which is a very important factor considering the circumstances that they have to endure in Africa where nature does not provide abundant food. So working and living as a community is important, this is enhanced by the drinking of palm wine as a group.

The cowry shells that were used are very important because at one time or another it was a form of currency in Africa. The use of it in decorating the palm wine calabash is to signify that the owner of that object might have been a very important person. Or that the palm wine is worth is worth as much as the shells that it is adorned with. Another factor is that the palm wine that might have been stored there is of high quality, which means it adds importance to the gourd itself. Another way of looking at it would be to make the connection that palm wine is associated with high importance. Much like expensive wines and alcoholic drinks of our time that are sold in highly decorated bottles and boxes.

            On the side of the sacred and religious importance of food, one of the best examples is the Silver Representation of a Maize Plant. The piece is rendered in silver and highly accurate with very fine details (Lazzari and Schleiser, 2011). Maize is a very important food crop for Incan Civilization that made this work of art. It is their staple food as well as being a key ingredient in making chicha a form of beer that is drunk in their many religious festivals. Silver on the other hand is a metal that the Incas prize also because of its religious significance. It is known as the tears of the moon and represents it. Gold by the way represents the Sun. The Incas were known as Sun and Moon worshippers. So rendering maize in silver clues us in on how important the foodstuff is the Inca people. It is a way of immortalizing an important object by rendering it in an equally important metal. 

Essay on Careers in Public Health

Essay on Careers in Public Health

Public Health is the most thriving and developing field all over the world. As a discipline, it deals with the academic research, teaching and  professional practice  of preventing disease and promoting general public health. It focused on the organized efforts of the society for the betterment of the health conditions of people. These efforts include organizations, communities and networks of individuals working together to assure a good public health system. These groups of people which often includes the medical care institution, the private industry, the community based non-profit organization and the academy works together and takes the responsibility of assuring the health of the public and the functioning of the whole public health system. Any society, community or country would acknowledge the public health as a top priority. As a top priority, public health system needs different careers to address the different health issues and aspects. It is a very expansive and varied field that requires many different occupations working together to achieve its goals.

Two of the careers in Public Health that I find very interesting is that of the State Epidemiologist and the health educator. State Epidemiologist sounds very appealing to me because I am very interested in science, microbiology and human health. Being a state epidemiologist can allow me to deal with all these fields that I am interested in. I guess I would really find it very the investigative work of tracking diseases in human population very interesting. Being a state epidemiologist can also allow me to interact with a lot of people in various public health professions. On the other hand, being a Health Educator interests me because designing, facilitating and implementing educational programs is somehow an appealing job for me. Aside from my interest in natural sciences, I am equally interested with social sciences. The social science made me understand enabled me to understand the ethnic and cultural issues of different communities. Possessing this kind of understanding can help me a lot in being an effective health educator. 

There are different routes in being in the career of epidemiology. The quickest way in having a career as an epidemiologist is to take an undergraduate degree in order to get a master’s degree in public health with a concentration epidemiology. Physicians, nurses and others already in the medical profession can be an epidemiologist if they would earn their masters in public health before or after their graduation. Another way into entering epidemiology is to go through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) an be in the program called the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS). This 2-year program teach physicians and other health professionals the important epidemiological skills needed for the prevention of diseases and outbreaks. State epidemiologist basically investigates, track and report the information regarding the outbreaks or diseases in a population that is why they are also called disease detectives. They investigate the disease clusters or the investigates the incidence of a disease in a community. They can also examine and cure problems and diseases related to the general physical environment. State epidemiologist usually on the surveillance, investigation, data analysis and evaluation of pandemic diseases and outbreaks. Because of this investigative nature of their job, they are also usually interacting with program managers, medical providers, statisticians and public health policy makers. 

On the other hand, being a health educator would require a bachelor degree in health education, health management, sociology, education, community development or other related degrees.  After earning these one of these degrees, aspiring health educator can opt to take the  (Certified Health Education Specialist)  offered by the National Commission of Health Education Credentialing Inc. The main responsibility of a public health educator is to change policies and environments as well as the behaviors and attitudes that affect health. They design workshop and forums, plan and direct programs and work with the community groups to address the wider public health agenda. They also conduct studies related in public health education , evaluate the methods of the program, determine the effectiveness of the program and improve the general health of the communities. They can improve general health by addressing issues such as drug-abuse, pollution, stress management and safety. 

If I could talk to any epidemiologist and health educator, I would like to ask them about what make them inspired in their respective careers? Why have they chosen careers in public health and what would it takes to be a great epidemiologist or health educator.

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